Operating principle of the potential transformer: Essentially, it is a step-down transformer that converts high voltage to low voltage for use by measuring instruments and relay protection. It operates under no-load conditions, with the primary winding connected in parallel with the high-voltage line and the secondary winding connected in parallel with the instruments. The secondary voltage is proportional to the number of winding turns.
电压互感器的工作原理：本质上是一种降压变压器，将高电压转换为低电压供测量仪表和继电保护使用，工作在空载状态，一次绕组与高压线路并联，二次绕组与仪表并联，次级电压与绕组匝数成正比。
Structural features of the potential transformer: The primary winding has many turns and thin wire, while the secondary winding has fewer turns and thicker wire. The capacity is relatively small (tens to hundreds of volt-amperes). The core material is highly permeable magnetic material to ensure measurement accuracy.
电压互感器的结构特点：一次绕组匝数多、线径细，二次绕组匝数少、线径粗，容量较小（几十到几百伏安），铁芯材料为高导磁材料，保证测量精度。
Operating requirements of the potential transformer: The secondary can be open-circuited but must not be short-circuited. During normal operation, the magnetic flux density approaches saturation.
电压互感器的工作要求：次级可以开路，但不得短路，正常工作时磁通密度接近饱和。
电压互感器的工作要求：次级可以开路，但不得短路，正常工作时磁通密度接近饱和。
Applications of the potential transformer: Used for measuring high-voltage line voltage, power and energy, and protecting electrical equipment.
电压互感器的用途：用于测量高压线路电压、功率和电能，保护电气设备。
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